Family guidance for the prevention of pregnancy in childhood and adolescence

Abstract

Pregnancy in childhood and adolescence is a multidimensional problem, associated with factors such as poverty, limited sex education, and weaknesses in family guidance. This qualitative, descriptive-analytical research shows that, although families perceive relationships as based on trust, barriers to communication about sexuality persist, characterized by taboos, moralistic approaches, and preventive strategies focused on prohibition rather than comprehensive education. A gap in co-responsibility is also identified, with a tendency to delegate sex education to educational institutions and limited participation from fathers. The results highlight that family guidance is a key element for preventing early pregnancy, as it strengthens communication skills, provides emotional support, and helps adolescents develop life plans. In this regard, the study concludes that it is necessary to promote comprehensive strategies that connect families, schools, and the state, incorporating gender and rights-based approaches, to foster informed, responsible, and conscious sexuality