Challenges and methods in the construction of legal knowledge in young people

Abstract

The epistemology of law examines how legal professionals acquire and apply the knowledge necessary to interpret legal norms, facing challenges such as the ambiguity of texts, tensions between literal interpretation and social values, and interpretative complexity influenced by the social and political context. The study aims to establish the importance of legal interpretation for future jurists by analyzing epistemological methods, approaches, and challenges to strengthen legal education and contribute to a fairer and more adaptable legal system. A qualitative theoretical-documentary approach was used, including a critical review of relevant sources in legal epistemology and the application of the Delphi method to reach consensus among 13 experts. Various methods were identified that combine logical analysis, hermeneutics, historical-comparative approaches, and critical perspectives for legal interpretation. The centrality of hermeneutics and logical analysis, the critical influence of social and political context, and the complexity implied by interpretative pluralism were recognized. Epistemological training should be transversal and consider interdisciplinary integration. Inductive and analogical legal reasoning showed relevance in the evolution and adaptation of law. The epistemology of law is fundamental to understanding and applying interpretative legal knowledge with justice and equity. Legal interpretation is an intellectual, reflective activity that balances respect for the law with social sensitivity. Training in this area is crucial to prepare competent, ethical, and critical jurists capable of contributing to the coherence and justice of the legal system.

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